How does the structure of hair and nails differ according to the chapter?

Hair and nails differ in their development and structure. Hair grows from a follicle within the skin, while nails develop from a growth region at the proximal end, with the cuticle being an extension of the epidermis onto the nail plate.

Hair is composed of keratin and grows from a follicle located in the skin's deeper layers. It is raised by a small muscle called the arrector pili. In contrast, nails are also made of keratin but develop from a growth region at the proximal end, with the cuticle (eponychium) extending over the nail plate. The lunula, a lighter area near the cuticle, indicates a thicker underlying skin where blood is less visible.