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What are the two stages of a clinical examination as described in the chapter?

The two stages are a general observation of the person, then a hands-on examination of the body and its systems.

According to the chapter, a clinical examination is carried out in two stages: first, a general observation of the person, which includes noting general health status, hygiene, grooming, mood, and vital signs such as temperature, respiratory rate, pulse, blood pressure, pulse oximetry, height, and weight. Second, a hands-on physical examination of the body and its systems, such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, renal, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems, and the skin.

Key points

  • First stage: general observation of the person.
  • Second stage: hands-on examination of the body and its systems.
  • Observation includes vital signs and general appearance.
  • Hands-on examination covers body systems like cardiovascular and respiratory.
Source:Oxford Handbook of Adult Nursing, Third Edition· Clinical assessment· p. 160–166
Cover of Oxford Handbook of Adult Nursing, Third Edition

Oxford Handbook of Adult Nursing, Third Edition

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Third Edition · Oxford University Press

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