Medical Terminology Systems Updated: A Body Systems Approach
GWMC-072
8TH EDITION
About this book
Although the fundamental characteristics of the 8th edition remain the same as those in previous editions, this edition offers significant updates and enhancements to aid in the learning process and improve retention of medical terms.
To achieve this goal, each illustration in the textbook presents clinically accurate and aesthetically pleasing representations of anatomical structures, disease conditions, and medical procedures. In addition, ICD-10-PCS replacement terms for discontinued eponyms are summarized in Appendix H. As in previous editions, we continue to incorporate the excellent suggestions offered by instructors and students and appreciate all of their contributions. Undoubtedly, the recommendations have helped make Medical Terminology Systems: A Body Systems Approach a leading textbook in educational institutions and one that continues to be well received by instructors and students.
Here is a brief summary of chapter content:
Building on the success of previous editions, Medical Terminology Systems, 8th edition, continues its well-established record of presenting medical word building principles based on competency-based curricula. Because of the pedagogical success of previous editions, the 8th edition continues its structural design as a textbook–workbook that complements all teaching formats, including traditional lecture, distance learning, and independent or self-paced study.
The 8th edition continues to present eponyms without showing the possessive form, such as Bowman capsule, Cushing syndrome, and Parkinson disease. Medical dictionaries as well as the American Association for Medical Transcription and the American Medical Association support these changes. The popular basic features of the previous edition have been enhanced and expanded. The updated body systems chapters include diseases and conditions, current medical and diagnostic procedures, treatments, and pharmaceutical agents. The textbook continues to present authentic medical records with activities designed to enhance application of medical terminology to the “real world of medicine.” This approach provides the essential tools students of various learning levels need to communicate effectively in today’s health-care settings. As in earlier editions, illustrations that clearly and accurately enhance textual material are integrated throughout the textbook. Medical Terminology Systems, 8th edition, includes over 36 new illustrations specifically designed to portray real-life medical conditions, procedures, and treatments. The illustrations supplement course content in new and interesting ways and help make difficult concepts more accessible.
Questions & Answers from this book
Questions and answers are connected to the referenced book and its available source material.
Chapter 1: Basic Elements of a Medical Word
According to the chapter, what is the medical term for the enlargement of the stomach and how is it constructed?
The medical term for the enlargement of the stomach is "gastromegaly." It is constructed by combining the word root "gastr/o," meaning stomach, with the suffix "-megaly," which means enlargement.
What are the three steps for defining a medical word as illustrated with the example gastr/o/enter/itis?
The three steps for defining a medical word are: 1. Define the suffix, or last part of the word. 2. Define the first part of the word, which may be a prefix, word root, or combining form. 3. Define the middle parts of the word.
Chapter 2: Suffixes
How does the term 'carcinogenesis' relate to cancer according to the chapter on suffixes?
The term 'carcinogenesis' refers to the process of transforming normal cells into cancer cells, often due to damage from chemicals, viruses, or radiation. It is directly related to cancer as it describes the origin and development of cancerous cells.
How do you form a surgical word that means 'suture of the bladder' using the appropriate suffix?
The surgical word that means 'suture of the bladder' is 'cystorrhaphy.' The suffix '-rrhaphy' indicates suture.
Chapter 3: Prefixes
What is the meaning of the prefix 'contra-' as described in the chapter on prefixes?
The prefix 'contra-' means 'against.' It is used in medical terminology to indicate opposition or resistance to something.
How does the prefix 'brady-' in 'bradypnea' relate to the concept of breathing rate?
The prefix 'brady-' in 'bradypnea' means slow, indicating a slower than normal breathing rate.
Chapter 4: Body Structure
What are the major structures located in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) of the abdominopelvic cavity?
The major structures located in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) of the abdominopelvic cavity include the right lobe of the liver, the gallbladder, part of the pancreas, and part of the small and large intestines.
What is the medical term for an abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces, and what condition is indicated by the persistence of an indentation after pressure is applied?
The medical term for an abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces is edema. The condition indicated by the persistence of an indentation after pressure is applied is known as pitting edema.
How does the structure of the stomach illustrate the concept of an organ in terms of tissue types?
The stomach is an organ composed of multiple tissue types, including connective tissue, muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, and nervous tissue. These tissues work together to perform specialized functions necessary for digestion.
Chapter 5: Integumentary System
What are the four grades of tumor severity as described in the chapter on the integumentary system?
The four grades of tumor severity are: Grade I, where tumor cells are well differentiated; Grade II, with moderately or poorly differentiated cells; Grade III, where cells are poorly differentiated; and Grade IV, characterized by very poorly differentiated cells.
How are primary and secondary skin lesions differentiated according to the integumentary system chapter?
Primary skin lesions are the initial reactions to pathologically altered tissue, while secondary skin lesions are changes that occur in the primary lesion due to factors like infection or trauma.
What are the characteristics and examples of a third-degree burn as described in the Integumentary System chapter?
Third-degree burns, also known as full-thickness burns, destroy the epidermis and dermis, damaging some underlying connective tissue. The skin appears waxy and charred, and there is insensitivity to touch due to nerve damage. These burns can result from corrosive chemicals, flames, or extremely hot objects, and often require skin grafting for healing.
Chapter 7: Respiratory System
How does the diaphragm contribute to the process of ventilation?
The diaphragm contributes to ventilation by changing the volume of the thoracic cavity. When it contracts, it moves downward, decreasing pressure in the chest and allowing air to flow into the lungs (inspiration). When it relaxes, it moves back up, increasing pressure and pushing air out of the lungs (expiration).
What are the common signs and symptoms of respiratory disorders as mentioned in the chapter?
Common signs and symptoms of respiratory disorders include cough (either dry or productive), chest pain, altered breathing patterns, shortness of breath (SOB), cyanosis, fever, and exercise intolerance.
Chapter 9: Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems
What are the two major types of immune defenses described in the chapter on Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems?
The two major types of immune defenses are innate immunity and acquired immunity. Innate immunity includes barriers that prevent pathogens from entering the body, while acquired immunity specifically identifies and destroys pathogens after they have entered.
How does endocarditis affect the mitral valve according to the chapter?
Endocarditis affects the mitral valve by causing it to narrow, a condition known as mitral valve stenosis, and may also lead to mitral valve insufficiency, where the valve fails to close properly. This can result in backflow of blood into the atrium, known as regurgitation.
Chapter 10: Musculoskeletal System
How do bones facilitate movement in the musculoskeletal system according to the chapter?
Bones facilitate movement by providing attachment points for muscles, tendons, and ligaments. When muscles contract, they pull on these structures, which in turn move the bones at the joints, allowing for various body movements.
What are the four principal types of bones and their characteristics as described in the chapter?
The four principal types of bones are short bones, irregular bones, flat bones, and long bones. Short bones are cube-shaped and include wrist and ankle bones. Irregular bones have complex shapes, such as vertebrae. Flat bones provide broad surfaces for muscle attachment and include the skull and shoulder blades, while long bones are found in the limbs and have a defined shape, including a shaft and two ends.
Chapter 11: Urinary System
What are the primary functions of the urinary system as described in the chapter?
The primary functions of the urinary system include the regulation of extracellular fluids, removal of waste products from the blood, and maintaining electrolyte balance. The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering blood to form urine, which is then stored in the bladder before excretion.
What are the common causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as mentioned in the chapter?
The common causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are diabetes and hypertension.
Chapter 12: Female Reproductive System
What are the key structures of the female reproductive system as outlined in Chapter 12?
The key structures of the female reproductive system include the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and external genitalia.
How does the female reproductive system interact with other body systems according to the chapter?
The female reproductive system interacts with other body systems through its functional relationships, which are described in the chapter. These interactions include hormonal regulation and the influence of the reproductive system on overall health and development.
Chapter 13: Male Reproductive System
What is the medical term for the congenital abnormality where the opening of the male urethra is located on the undersurface of the penis?
The medical term for the congenital abnormality where the opening of the male urethra is located on the undersurface of the penis is hypospadias.
What diseases and conditions related to the male reproductive system are discussed in this chapter?
The chapter discusses several diseases and conditions related to the male reproductive system, including benign prostatic hyperplasia, balanitis, erectile dysfunction, and hypogonadism. Additionally, sexually transmitted infections such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis are covered, along with prostate cancer.
What is the primary function of the male reproductive system as described in the chapter?
The primary function of the male reproductive system is to enable sexual reproduction. It produces, maintains, and transports sperm, which is necessary for fertilization of the female egg.
Chapter 14: Endocrine System
What disorders are associated with hypersecretion and hyposecretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
Disorders associated with hypersecretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) include hyperthyroidism, particularly Graves disease, which results in excessive thyroid hormone production. Hyposecretion of TSH can lead to hypothyroidism, manifesting as conditions like myxedema in adults and cretinism in infants.
What are the primary functions of the endocrine system as described in the chapter?
The primary functions of the endocrine system include producing hormones that regulate various bodily functions, maintaining homeostasis, and facilitating communication between different body systems. Hormones influence growth, metabolism, reproduction, and energy levels, and they can cause both short-term and long-term changes in the body.
Chapter 15: Nervous System
How do Schwann cells contribute to the function of neurons in the peripheral nervous system?
Schwann cells contribute to the function of neurons in the peripheral nervous system by forming the myelin sheath around axons, which acts as an electrical insulator. This insulation accelerates the transmission of electrochemical impulses along the axon. Additionally, Schwann cells create the neurilemma, which protects peripheral neurons and facilitates the regeneration of injured axons.
How does a transient ischemic attack (TIA) differ from a full-blown stroke according to the chapter?
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) differs from a full-blown stroke in that TIA symptoms resolve within 24 hours and do not cause permanent damage. In contrast, a stroke results in lasting damage to brain tissue due to a lack of oxygen, leading to significant neurological deficits.
What are the major functions of the cerebrum as described in the chapter on the Nervous System?
The major functions of the cerebrum include sensory perception and interpretation, language, voluntary movement, and memory.
You may also be interested in
Anatomy Physiology by Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Elaine N. Marieb and Katja Hoehn
60 questions
Middle Range Theory for Nursing
Mary Jane Smith, PhD, RN, FAAN,Patricia R. Liehr, PhD, RN
40 questions
Oxford Handbook of Adult Nursing, Third Edition
Unknown
37 questions
Fundamentals of Pharmacology: An Applied Approach for Nursing and Health
Alan Galbraith ... [et Al.].
36 questions